Adrenocorticotropic Hormone 003
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Pituitary tumors are
common neoplasms, and
recognition of their presentation is critical since a favorable therapeutic
outcome is dependent on early identification of the lesion.
Multiple oncogene abnormalities may be
involved in pituitary tumorigenesis. Glycoprotein abnormalities, gene
mutations, p53 gene deletions, mutations, and rearrangements, and association
of pituitary tumors with the syndrome of multiple endocrine neoplasia have been
described and are involved in the development of adenomas in the pituitary
gland. The pituitary tumor transforming gene-1 (PTTG-1) is a newly discovered
oncogene that serves as a marker of malignancy grades in several endocrine
malignancies; this gene is known to regulate the cellular mitosis process and forced
expression of this gene induces tumor formation in mice. PTTG-1 is
overexpressed in pituitary tumors.(48) most of these tumors are
benign, but certain factors involved in the genesis of the tumor may determine its rate of growth
and aggressiveness. For instance, the presence of p53 gene correlates with more
aggressive tumor behavior
Clinical manifestations are due to the local
effect of the mass and distant endocrine manifestations that can affect a
variety of organ systems. These effects are due to lack or excess of a given
stimulating hormone on the targe. Pituitary adenomas, with a few exceptions,
are not under the control of hypothalamic releasing factors(48) .
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